Shoulder Joint

Shoulder Flexion

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Anterior deltoid Middle Deltoid Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii	Bending the joint resulting in a decrease of angle. Moving the upper arm upward to the front.

Shoulder Extension

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Latissimus dorsi Posterior Deltoid Pectoralis major Teres major Triceps brachii	Straightening the joint resulting in an increase of angle. Moving the upper arm down to the rear.

Shoulder ADDuction

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Latissimus dorsi Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Teres major Triceps brachii	Lateral movement toward the midline of the body. Moving the upper arm up to the side of the body.

Shoulder ABDuction

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Middle Deltoid Anterior Deltoid Pectoralis major Supraspinatus	Lateral movement away from the midline of the body. Moving the upper arm up away from the body.

Transverse ADDuction  (Transverse Flexion)

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Pectoralis major Anterior deltoid Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii	Movement toward the midline of the body in a transverse plane. Moving the upper arm toward and across the chest.

Transverse ABDuction (Transverse Extension)

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Posterior deltoid Middle deltoid Infraspinatus Teres minor	Movement away the midline of the body in a transverse plane. Moving the upper arm away from the chest.

Internal Rotation (Medial Rotation)

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Anterior deltoid Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres major	Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone toward the center of the body.

External Rotation (Lateral Rotation)

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Teres minor Infraspinatus Posterior deltoid Supraspinatus	Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone AWAY from the center of the body.

Circumduction

Click pic to enlarge	Muscle(s)	Movement
	Pectoralis major Anterior deltoid Middle deltoid Posterior deltoid Supraspinatus Triceps brachii (long head) Biceps brachii Subscapularis Infraspinatus Coracobrachialis Teres major Teres minor Latissimus dorsi	Blending of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction motions to create a circular or conical motion.